Photovoltaic module support foundation
Release time:
Dec 20,2024
The foundation of the photovoltaic module bracket is an important component of the photovoltaic bracket system. It provides a solid support for the photovoltaic bracket, ensuring that the photovoltaic modules operate safely and stably under various climatic conditions. The following is a detailed introduction to the foundation of the photovoltaic module bracket:
1. The Role of the Photovoltaic Bracket Foundation
The photovoltaic bracket foundation mainly serves to support and fix the photovoltaic bracket, ensuring that the photovoltaic modules can stably receive sunlight and convert it into electrical energy. At the same time, it can adjust the angle and orientation of the photovoltaic modules to improve energy conversion efficiency and protect the modules from external environmental damage.
2. Factors for Choosing a Photovoltaic Bracket Foundation
Choosing the appropriate type of photovoltaic bracket foundation mainly depends on the following key factors:
Geographical and geological conditions: The soil type (such as clay, sandy soil, rock), ground bearing capacity, groundwater level, seismic intensity, etc., will all affect the foundation design. For example, soft soil or sandy ground is suitable for using screw piles or embedded concrete blocks; while hard rock layers are suitable for anchor bolts or direct anchoring.
Environmental conditions: This includes natural factors such as wind speed, snow load, hail, and whether it is close to the coast (considering salt spray corrosion). Areas with strong winds require stronger concrete foundations, while corrosive environments need to choose corrosion-resistant materials.
Project scale and layout: Large ground power stations tend to use concrete poured piles or prefabricated block foundations for quick installation and large-scale deployment; rooftop photovoltaic systems choose brackets customized according to the roof type (sloped or flat) or consider hanging or rail foundations based on the roof's load-bearing capacity.
Cost budget: The material and construction costs of different foundation types vary greatly, requiring a comprehensive consideration of initial investment and long-term maintenance costs. For example, although concrete foundations have a higher initial investment, their durability may bring long-term benefits.
Installation speed and convenience: When the project timeline is tight, it is more appropriate to choose easily installable foundation types such as screw piles or prefabricated blocks, as they can reduce on-site workload and shorten construction time.
Adjustability and expandability: For systems that require adjustment of the photovoltaic panel angle or future expansion, it is more suitable to choose rail foundations or brackets designed with reserved expansion interfaces.
Operational and maintenance convenience: Consider whether the foundation design facilitates subsequent operation and maintenance, such as whether it is easy to access for inspection and repair, and whether it is conducive to vegetation management and drainage.
Environmental impact assessment: Reducing damage to the surface and ecological impact is also a consideration when choosing foundation types, such as floating foundations having minimal impact on water bodies.
3. Common Types of Photovoltaic Bracket Foundations
Reinforced Concrete Independent Foundation
Structure: Reinforced concrete independent foundations are set under the front and rear columns of the photovoltaic bracket, consisting of a foundation base and short columns above the base. A pre-embedded steel plate (or pre-embedded bolts) is set at the top of the short columns to connect with the upper photovoltaic bracket.
Advantages: The force transmission path is clear, the load-bearing is reliable, the applicable range is wide, and construction does not require specialized construction machinery. This type of foundation has strong resistance to horizontal loads.
Application: Suitable for various geological conditions and widely used in large photovoltaic power stations.
Reinforced Concrete Strip Foundation
Structure: By setting a foundation beam between the front and rear columns of the photovoltaic bracket, the center of gravity of the foundation is shifted between the front and rear columns, increasing the overturning resistance arm of the foundation.
Advantages: It can resist the overturning moment caused by wind loads on the photovoltaic bracket solely through the weight of the foundation; due to the large contact area between the strip foundation and the foundation soil, it does not require a large burial depth, generally 200-300mm is sufficient, greatly reducing the amount of earth excavation.
Application: Suitable for relatively flat areas with low groundwater levels.
Screw Steel Pile Foundation
Structure: The front and rear columns of the photovoltaic bracket use hot-dip galvanized steel pipe piles with spiral blades. The spiral blades can be large or small, continuous or intermittent, and are continuously welded to the steel pipe piles. The upper part of the screw steel pile foundation is exposed above the ground and is connected to the upper bracket columns by bolts.
Advantages: Fast construction speed, no need for site leveling, no earth excavation; various forms can be selected according to the geological conditions of the photovoltaic field; excellent environmental protection performance, can maximize the protection of vegetation in the area, minimal impact on the environment, and easy restoration of the site; convenient adjustment of the upper bracket, height can be adjusted according to the terrain; the galvanized layer on the surface of the pile has corrosion resistance, ensuring that the screw piles have considerable bearing capacity underground, so screw steel piles can be reused as needed.
Application: Suitable for various geological conditions, especially soft soil layers.
Reinforced Concrete Pile Foundation
Structure: Divided into cast-in-place reinforced concrete piles and prefabricated reinforced concrete piles. Cast-in-place reinforced concrete piles use circular short bridges with a diameter of about 300mm as the foundation for the bracket; prefabricated reinforced concrete square piles are usually prefabricated in factories.
Advantages: The force mechanism of cast-in-place reinforced concrete piles is the same as that of reinforced concrete poured piles, using the side friction between the pile and the soil to resist the uplift force generated by environmental loads on the bracket; prefabricated reinforced concrete square piles have a regular shape, making it easy to ensure the quality of the pile body and have strong corrosion resistance; high construction efficiency and short construction period; strong uplift resistance, effectively preventing the photovoltaic bracket foundation from being pulled out in strong winds.
Application: Widely used in various photovoltaic power station projects.
Rock Anchor Foundation
Structure: Mostly used in harder soil layers, such as gravel and bedrock. Steel anchor rods are equipped with blades or very small continuous spiral blades on the surface. During construction, machinery is required to pre-drill holes in harder soil layers, with the hole diameter larger than the steel anchor rod diameter. After inserting the steel anchor rod, cement slurry is poured, and the upper part of the steel anchor rod is connected to the bracket column.
Advantages: Fast construction speed, strong bearing capacity, and minimal environmental impact.
Application: Suitable for harder bedrock and other soil layers. If a photovoltaic power station is to be built on a rock foundation (especially on sloped rock surfaces), rock anchor foundations will become the preferred foundation type.
Cement block foundation
Structure: By prefabricating or pouring cement blocks on-site, photovoltaic brackets are fixed on top of them. Composed of cement blocks and fasteners, the cement blocks can be square, rectangular, or other shapes according to design requirements, with sizes determined by the load requirements of the brackets and photovoltaic components.
Advantages: Simple construction, lower cost, and wide applicability.
Application: Typically used in small and medium-sized photovoltaic power stations, temporary photovoltaic systems, and special geological conditions.
Steel structure foundation
Structure: With its high strength, stability, and durability, it has become an important foundation type in photovoltaic system construction.
Advantages: A well-designed and installed steel structure foundation can not only enhance the safety and stability of the photovoltaic system but also adapt to various complex geological and climatic conditions, improving the overall benefits of the project.
Application: Widely used in photovoltaic power station projects under various complex geological and climatic conditions.
Contact Information
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